How Do the Design and Performance of the Furnace Door Affect the Core Technologies of the Equipment?

How Do the Design and Performance of the Furnace Door Affect the Core Technologies of the Equipment?

The design and performance of the furnace door directly determine the implementation effect of the four core technical links of batch-type pyrolysis oil refining equipment, namely establishment of an oxygen-free pyrolysis environment, temperature control precision, operational safety, and production efficiency, and serve as a key prerequisite for the core technologies of the equipment to exert their functions. The specific impacts are as follows:

Determine the stability of the oxygen-free pyrolysis environment, and directly correlate with oil-gas yield

An oxygen-free environment is the core prerequisite for pyrolysis reactions, and the sealing performance of the furnace door is the first line of defense for maintaining this environment. If the furnace door uses seals of poor-quality high-temperature-resistant materials or its mechanical compression structure applies uneven pressure, frequent opening and closing during batch feeding and slagging are likely to cause seal failure and air infiltration. Air entering the reaction kettle will trigger oxidative combustion of materials, which not only reduces oil-gas yield, but also disrupts the molecular chain recombination mechanism of pyrolysis reactions, leading to an increase in carbon black coking and directly undermining the effectiveness of the precision temperature control and oxygen-free pyrolysis technology. On the contrary, a high-quality sealing design can ensure that the oxygen content inside the kettle remains within a safe threshold, providing a stable environment for pyrolysis reactions and guaranteeing the effectiveness of the core process.

Affect the temperature control precision inside the furnace, and correlate with the implementation of gradient temperature control technology

The double-layer thermal insulation structure design of the furnace door is directly related to the heat loss and temperature uniformity of the reaction kettle. If the thermal insulation layer of the furnace door uses materials with high thermal conductivity or has an unreasonable structural design, heat inside the kettle will dissipate through the furnace door, resulting in uneven temperature distribution in the furnace—temperatures near the furnace door are too low, leading to insufficient pyrolysis of materials, while temperatures in the central area of the furnace body are too high, easily causing excessive pyrolysis and coking. This will render the parameter settings of gradient temperature control technology meaningless, making it impossible to accurately adjust heating rates and constant-temperature durations according to the characteristics of different raw materials. Conversely, a reasonable thermal insulation design can reduce heat loss, assist the temperature control system in achieving uniform temperature distribution inside the furnace, and ensure the precise implementation of gradient temperature control technology.

Ensure the operational safety of the equipment, and support the safety monitoring and emergency linkage technology

As a high-pressure and high-temperature sealing component of the reaction kettle, the structural strength and sealing reliability of the furnace door are the foundation for the safe operation of the equipment. If the locking structure of the furnace door is unstable, under operating conditions of 0–500℃ and ≤0.02MPa, high-temperature gas leakage may occur, triggering the combustible gas alarm system. In such cases, even if the safety monitoring and emergency linkage technology can respond quickly, design flaws of the furnace door will lead to shutdown risks and even safety accidents. On the contrary, a furnace door design with high strength and excellent sealing performance can fundamentally reduce leakage risks, allowing the safety monitoring system to focus on early warning of abnormalities instead of frequent emergency responses, thus ensuring the efficient operation of the equipment's safety control technology.

Affect production efficiency, and correlate with the efficiency of sealed feeding & slagging technology

The production efficiency of batch-type equipment is largely affected by the batch interval time, and the opening-closing convenience and durability of the furnace door directly determine the time consumed for feeding and slagging. If the furnace door adopts a manual compression structure without a power-assisted device, each opening and closing process will take a lot of labor time; if the sealing surface lacks adequate wear-resistant treatment, frequent opening and closing will accelerate seal wear, leading to increased maintenance frequency and prolonged downtime. This will directly reduce the operational efficiency of the sealed feeding & slagging technology and shorten the effective production time of the equipment. In contrast, a furnace door equipped with hydraulic compression and power-assisted devices can shorten opening-closing time, and a wear-resistant sealing surface can extend the maintenance cycle, helping the equipment shorten batch intervals and improve overall production efficiency in batch production.