The Furnace Door of Batch-Type Pyrolysis Oil Refining Equipment

The Furnace Door of Batch-Type Pyrolysis Oil Refining Equipment

The furnace door of batch-type pyrolysis oil refining equipment is a critical sealing component of the reaction kettle. It is directly related to maintaining the oxygen-free environment required for pyrolysis reactions, ensuring the operational safety of the equipment, and improving production efficiency. Its design and performance constitute an important part of the core technologies of the equipment.

Core Functions

The primary function of the furnace door is to achieve airtight isolation of the reaction kettle. During the pyrolysis phase, it prevents air from entering, maintains an oxygen-free environment inside the kettle, and avoids oxidative combustion of materials. During the feeding and slagging phases, it can be opened quickly to facilitate material loading and unloading. Meanwhile, the furnace door must withstand high temperatures of 0–500℃ and pressure ≤0.02MPa inside the reaction kettle, preventing leakage of high-temperature gas that could lead to potential safety hazards.

Key Technical Design Points

Sealing Structure

It usually adopts a combination of high-temperature-resistant seals + mechanical compression devices. The seals are made of temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant and anti-aging materials (such as aluminum silicate fiber and high-temperature-resistant rubber composite materials). The compression devices are mostly manually or hydraulically driven flange-type locking structures, which ensure tight fitting of the sealing surfaces through uniform pressure application, reducing the risk of air leakage during start-stop processes.

High-Temperature Resistance and Thermal Insulation Design

The furnace door body adopts a double-layer thermal insulation structure. The inner layer is made of high-temperature-resistant alloy steel plate, and the outer layer is filled with thermal insulation materials. This design not only prevents heat loss inside the kettle but also reduces the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace door, ensuring the safety of operators.

Convenience and Durability

In view of the characteristics of batch production of intermittent equipment, the furnace door must balance sealing performance and opening-closing efficiency. Some equipment is equipped with power-assisted devices to shorten the downtime during feeding and slagging. In addition, the sealing surface of the furnace door undergoes wear-resistant treatment to extend service life and reduce the frequency of frequent maintenance.

Core Technical Challenges

The main technical pain point of the furnace door lies in balancing sealing reliability and service life. Intermittent equipment requires frequent opening and closing of the furnace door; each opening and closing cycle causes wear to the seals, and long-term high-temperature operating conditions accelerate the aging of seals, which may easily lead to seal failure and air infiltration. Therefore, the core challenge in furnace door design is how to optimize the temperature and wear resistance of sealing materials and design more stable compression structures.