Pyrolysis Plant Core Working Principle

Core Working Principle: "Molecular Transformation" in Oxygen-Free Environment

The core of waste tire pyrolysis oil refining is the "oxygen-free pyrolysis reaction". The entire operation process of the equipment is centered on controlling the temperature in a closed oxygen-free environment, allowing the rubber, plastic and other components in the tire to undergo molecular fracture, while realizing product separation and environmental protection treatment. It can be specifically divided into 4 key links, with a full closed loop and no secondary pollution:

1. Raw Material Pretreatment: First, sort and cut the waste tires to remove the steel wire rings (for large tires) and impurities (gravel, soil, etc.) in the tires, then cut them into 3-5 cm rubber blocks to avoid impurities blocking the equipment, affecting pyrolysis efficiency and product purity, and reducing equipment wear, laying the foundation for subsequent pyrolysis.

   
   

2. Feeding and Sealing: Send the pretreated rubber blocks into the pyrolysis furnace, and strictly seal the furnace body to ensure an oxygen-free environment inside the furnace (core premise) — if there is oxygen, the rubber will burn, which not only fails to produce the target products, but also generates a lot of harmful gases. Therefore, sealing performance is one of the core requirements of the equipment.

   
   

3. Oxygen-Free Pyrolysis (Core Link): Gradually raise the temperature inside the pyrolysis furnace to 300-550℃ through the heating system. Under oxygen-free conditions, the rubber (natural rubber, synthetic rubber) and plastic components in the tire undergo molecular bond fracture, decomposing into oil-gas mixture (main components are alkanes and alkenes), while the steel wire in the tire does not react and remains in the furnace. The entire pyrolysis process needs to accurately control the temperature to avoid excessive carbon coke production due to too high temperature or insufficient pyrolysis due to too low temperature.

   
   

4. Product Cooling, Separation and Environmental Protection Treatment: The high-temperature oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis enters the condensation system and is cooled by circulating water to be converted into liquid fuel oil; the uncondensed light gas (non-condensable gas) can be used as fuel for the pyrolysis furnace after purification treatment, realizing energy recycling; the solid products remaining in the furnace are separated into steel wire (recyclable and reprocessable) and carbon black (crude carbon black, which can be further processed) after cooling; a small amount of tail gas generated during the pyrolysis process is discharged up to the standard after desulfurization, dust removal and deodorization treatment, and the waste water can be recycled or discharged up to the standard after treatment.