Oil Sludge Refining Process Flow Explanation

Oil Sludge Refining Process Flow Explanation

1. Raw Material Pretreatment

Purpose: Remove large impurities and adjust moisture content.

Steps:

Screen and filter the oil sludge to remove large debris like sand and steel wire.

Dehydrate the sludge using centrifugation or thermal drying, reducing moisture content to ≤10%.

English Description: The oil sludge is first screened to remove coarse impurities, then dehydrated to ensure optimal processing conditions.

2. Pyrolysis Distillation

Purpose: Convert organic components in sludge into fuel oil vapor and solid residues.

Steps:

Feed pretreated sludge into a sealed pyrolysis reactor.

Heat to 450–600°C in an oxygen-free environment, triggering thermal cracking of organic matter.

English Description: The dehydrated sludge is heated in an oxygen-free pyrolysis chamber, breaking down hydrocarbons into fuel oil vapor and solid char.

3. Condensation & Oil-Water Separation

Purpose: Convert vapor into liquid and separate oil from water.

Steps:

Pass hot vapor through a condenser to cool it into a liquid mixture of oil and water.

Use gravity settling or centrifugal separation to split the mixture into crude fuel oil and wastewater.

English Description: The pyrolysis vapor is condensed into a liquid, then separated into crude fuel oil and wastewater via gravity or centrifugation.

4. Oil Refining & Purification

Purpose: Improve oil quality and meet fuel standards.

Steps:

Treat crude oil with acid-base washing or clay refining to remove sulfur, nitrogen, and impurities.

Filter the refined oil to obtain clean fuel oil (e.g., for industrial boilers or blending).

English Description: Crude fuel oil is refined using chemical washing or clay filtration to remove contaminants, producing high-quality usable fuel.

5. Waste Gas & Residue Treatment

Purpose: Ensure environmental compliance.

Steps:

Treat non-condensable gases with desulfurization and activated carbon adsorption before reuse as fuel for the reactor.

Collect solid residues (char, ash) for safe disposal or recycling as construction materials.

English Description: Non-condensable gases are purified and reused as process fuel, while solid residues are safely disposed of or recycled to minimize environmental impact.